Impervious-seamed article and process of making the same



V fm oerwbqs [/hseaai/ or rubber CYDFABRAHAM IMPERVIOUS SEAMED ARTICLE AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME j Filed April .14 1920 Fig.1

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crimes: 1). ABRAHAM, or WILMINGTON, DELAWARE; CHESTER H. ROSS ADMINISTRA- won or SAID ABRAHAM. nncnasnn.

mPERV'IOUS- SEAMED ARTICLE AND EROCESS MAKING THE SAME.

Application fl1ed.April 1a, 1920. Serial No. 373,961.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, CLINTON D. ABRA- RAM, a citizen of the United States, and-a resident of Wilmington, in the county of New Castle and State of Delaware, have invented certain new and useful lmpervious- Seamed Articles and Processes of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to seamed articles, more particularly to articles of wearing apparel, which are impervious and resistant to acids, poisonous gases, and various other chemical reagents, against which ordinary apparel affords but slight protection; the invention also relates to a process of making such articles, and also to a coating composition useful in the making of such articles.

05 Also, it has been proposed, in the making By the term seamed I do not refer merely to articles having their parts joined by sewing, but mean also articles whose parts are joined in any other suitable and similar manner as, say, by spaced fasteners or the like. The invention finds advantageous application in the field of acidresistant gloves, and, so, for the sake of definiteness I describe it with more particular reference to such gloves, butdo not restrict it thereto.

Protective gloves have heretofore been made of rubber the practice of the rubber trade in this connection has been to dip porcelain forms repeatedly into rubber cement until the proper thickness of: film has been built up, and then to cure the rubber in sulfur chloride solution, thereby producing an all-rubber product. According to another method the gloves are built up of rubberized stockinet in the manner of overshos, by cementing pieces together.

The above-mentioned old methods have 'certain disadvantages which it is one of the objects of my invention to avoid. The porcelain form which is usedin making the all-rubber product is diflicult to remove from the rubber coating which has been built thereon. The all-rubber glove is expensive, and is not suitable as a protective covering tratlon by liquids as the rest of the glove.

of certain seamed articles, to immerse the goods from which the article is to be made, in a bath to impregnate and saturate the goods, to then sew certain parts of the article together, and to then apply by hand a coat of varnish which extends into and across the lines along which the said certain parts of the article are sewed together; but this proposed procedure involved, among other difi'iculties, the difliculty that the immersion in the bath treated the back of the goods, and also the difiiculty that the applying of the varnish by hand was a time-consuminglabor not to be thought of when one wished to produce a large number of articles by quantity production methods. varnishing the back of the goodsthe side that, in articles of wearing apparel, as gloves,'is the insidewould render the back not well suited for contact with. the flesh of the wearer.

I have devised a seamed article, more particularly a glove, in which the various difliculties of prior articles are avoided; have devised a process for the making of such articles, and have also devised a coating composition useful in the carrying out of my process, to produce the articles.

One of'the objects of my invention is to provide a seamed article in which various of the disadvantages of previous articles are obviated; and,- more particularly, is to provide a glove which shall be comfortable to the hand, have its seams well closed, canbe readily manufactured in quantity, and shall be impervious and resistant to acids, gases and so forth. a v I Another object is to'provide a process by which articles, more particularly gloves, embodying my invention, can be produced expeditiously and comparatively inexpensively.

Another object is to provide a coating composition useful in the carrying out of my process to produce my article.

To these and other ends, and also to improve generally upon articles, processes, and compositions, of the character indicated, my invention consists in the following mat- 'ters hereinafter described and claimed In the accompanying drawing. Figure 1 is a plan view of a glove embodying the invention as it relates to articles, and produced in accordance with the present process, with the various coatings broken back to show the fabric, and Figure 2 is an enlarged conventional cross-sectional view taken at one of the seams of the glove. is

Speakinggenerally, my process, as preferably practiced in the making of gloves, comprises applying to one side only of a Web of fabric 1, preferably composed of cotton, one or more coatings of a solution of a filmforming material resistant and impervious to acids and gases. The coated fabric, after drying to provide the film 2, is then cut up and the parts sewed together as indicated at S to make up the. gloves, complete. The gloves are then placed, with the coated side exposed, on suitable forms, of a shape to cause the gloves to present a smooth surface, and'dipped into a solution similar to that employed in coating the fabric. After removing the gloves from the solution, and drying them, the dipping and the drying of them are preferably repeated-one or more times to thoroughly .cover all seams and cracks with the film 3.

. It will be noted that, by proceeding in the manner above outlined, I amenabled to arrive at certain valuable results :Since I coat the fabric, as distinguished from submerging it in a bath, and coat it, too, upon but one side, I preserve the other side of the fabric in a proper condition to be worn next the hand, e. g. preserve the nap. By making up the glove completely, that is putting.

all the fabric parts together and forming the seams, before the dipping operations, I get,

after the dipping, a glove with all the seams protected. By coating the fabric while it is in the web I am able to put on much of the necessary protection when the fabric is in a form to be conveniently and expeditiouslyhandled by machine methods. And by applying the final coats by dipping, as distinguished from applying by hand, I am able to treat a large number of the gloves at a time by machine methods. Thus the rocess lends itself to the expeditious an inexpensive production of the article in large guantities. Of course, too, the use of the abric .base eliminates all troubles, such as difficulty in removing the gloves from the forms, and-the like.

One of the preferred ways of carrying out my new process as applied to gloves is illustrated by the. following example The fabric from whichthe gloves are to he made should have a smooth surface on one side in order that it may be given a smooth, even coating. The other.-side should have a soft, napped finish for swarmth and comfort against the hand. The cloth best suited for this purpose is a twill Weave, cotton fabric, commonly known as sateen. It has a count of 93 x 64 and weighs 8.2 oz. per square yard.

After one side of this fabric has been given a soft, na ped finish by running over revolving wire rushes, it is coated on the he material thus coated is cut into proper shape by dies and made up into gloves. For this purpose I prefer a mitten having a separate thumb and index finger and provided with a cuff at least six inches long.

The gloves are then placed on wooden forms so constructed as to extend the finger and thumb and present a smooth surface without wrinkles. The form is then attached to a rack and lowered into a solution of the same nature as that used to coat the fabric. 4

After immersion in thesolutionthe gloves are inverted and passed through a heated drying chamber. ,VVhen dried they are given a second coat.

The gloves are preferably given two or more dip coats to thoroughly cover all seams and cracks. They are then removed from the forms and allowed to dry thoroughly at roomtemperature.

The coating solution which'is spread on the fabric before the latter is made up into gloves, may have the following composition (parts are by weight in each instance) Heavy bodied boiled I have found asolution of the following composition to be suitable in this connecs tion:

Linseed o 79' ,parts. Lamp black;v 10.5; parts. Castor oil 5 parts. Parafiin 5 parts. Litharge i of a part. Raw umber a of a part. Gasoline 80 parts. I

solvent is used, desirably 100 parts of gaso-" line.

The above composition contains, it will be aeoaoer For rubber, for the initial coating solution spreadin the goods beforerthey are made up,

I suggest V Crude rubber 25 7 5 parts. Lamp black 3 15 parts. Lithar e, 1O 50 parts. Natura bitumen 2 10 parts. Parafin g 5 parts. Barytes s 3 15 parts. Sulphur 2% parts Gasoline 83 200 parts.

Specifically, I have found a solution of the following composition to be suitable Crude rubber 50 parts. Lamp black 10 parts. Litharge 25 parts.

Natural bitumen -4 5 parts. Parafin 1% parts. Barytes '7 parts. Sulphur 1%; parts. Gasoline 125 parts.

Comparable to the case of linseed oil, the solution in which the gloves are dipped desirably has the same ingredients in substan- .tially the same proportions as in the just above formula except that more solvent is ext used, desirably 150 parts of gasoline.

Men wearing loves madeby this method can safely han e poisonous and corrosive solids, li uids and gases. Gloves can be made by t is method much more rapidly and economicallythan b the methods commonly used in making aci roof gloves.

As will be evident from the above description, the new protective gloves may be said to comprise several pieces of suitably shaped fabric 1 preliminarily coated on one side with a composition 2 that resists acids and gases, saidv pieces being sewed together as at S, and bein covered on that same said side with an ad itional layer 3 of a composition of similar characteristics, applied after the several pieces of fabric have con joined. The exterior surface of the glove is therefore a continuous film unbroken at the seams.

' The margin of the several pieces of fabric, that is the portion lying betweenthe edgei of the pieces of fabric and the seams, w

not be ex osed to the solutions in which the assemble glove is dipped, and consequentlythe layer of composition on said margms will not be as thick as the layer of composition which constitutes the of the glove.

Although I have above described the coating of the glove with two substantially like outside surface films, as two oil films, or two rubber films, it

will be understood that if desired, I may use films that are not the same, though they are essentially similar in both being impervi-v ous and resistant. That is, I ma use first an oil film on the fabric before t e making. up of the glove, and then may use a rubber film after the glove is made up, or viceversa.

While the invention has been described in considerable detail it will be understood that the specific examples given are merely illustrative 25nd thatvarious changes may be made therein without departing fromthe spirit and scope of my invention.

As will be understood, a rubber film is I cured after, drying, either in a hot air oven for two hours at a temperature of about 250 F. or by dipping into. a solution of sulphur-chloride dissolved in carbon tetrachloride or other suitable solvents such as carbon disulphide or benzol. In cases where the sulphur-chloride cure is to housed the sulphur is omitted from the formula for the rubber. Where oven curing is used it preferably occurs after both films have been applied, not only in the cases where both are rubber or only the outer of rubber, but also where the outer film is of oil; where the sulphur-chloride cure is "used and the outer film is oil the curing is done before the outer film is applied. In applying the various coats making up the'two films, each coat is preferably dried before applying the 1. The process of making an impervious seamed article which comprises securing togfither the margins of suitably shaped fabric t at has been coated on one side only with an impervious film, applying a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the resulting article, and upon said one side only, and drying the article to produce a second film.

2. The process of making an impervious seamed article, of wearing apparel, which comprises securing together the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been coated on one side onl with an impervious film,

. seamed article, which comprises securing together the margins-of suitably shaped fabric which has been mapped on the one side, and coated'on the other side only with an applying a coating solution of an imperviseamed article, which-comprises applying,

impervious film, applying a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the resulting article and upon the coated side only, and drying the article to produce a second film.

4. The process of making an' impervious an impervious film to one side only of a web of fabric, makin the fabric into article form, such step inc udin joining certain of the margins of the fa ric, dipping the article, with said one side only exposed, in a solution of an impervious film-forming substance, and drying the article.

5. The process of making an impervious seamed article which comprises securing together the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been coated on one side only with an impervious film, applying a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the'resulting article, and drying the article to produce a second film; one of said films comprising linseed oil.

6. The process of making an impervious seamed. article which comprises securing together the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been coated with an impervious ,film, applying, a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the resulting article, and drying the article to produce a second film; one of said films comprising rubber.

7. The process of making an impervious seamed article which comprises securing together the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been coated with an impervious film,applying a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the resulting article, and drying the article to produce a second film; one of said films gomprising linseed oil and a softener there- 8. The process of making an impervious seamed article, which comprises securing together the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been treated on one side only with a coating solution of an impervious filmforming substance to provide a film thereon, applying to the resulting article a coating. solution of-an impervious film-forming substance, essentially similar to the first named substance, and drying the article.

9. The process of making an impervious seamed article, which comprises securing to= gether the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been treated on one side only with a coating solution of an impervious filmforming substance to provide a film thereon, applying to the resulting article a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance, substantially the same as the first named substance, and drying the article.

.10. The process of making an impervious article, which comprises coating a web of fabric with a solution of an impervious film-forming substance, dissolved in a suitable solvent, drying the fabric to provide a film, making the fabric into the article, coating the made up article with a solution essentially similar to the first named solution though containing more solvent, and dryin the article.

11. he process of making an impervious article, which comprises coating a web of fabric with a solution of an impervious film-forming substance, dissolved in a suitable solvent, drying the fabric to provide a film, making the fabric into the article, coating the made up article with a solution substantially the same as the first named solution though containing more solvent, and drying the article.

12. The process of making an impervious article, which comprises coating a web of fabric with a solution of an impervious filmforming substance dissolved in a suitable solvent, drying the fabric to provide a film, making up the fabric into the article, coating the made up article with a solution essentially similar to the first named solution, and drying the article; one of said solutions comprising 65 and 85 parts of linseed oil, 2- to 15 parts of castor oil and 60 to 150 parts of solvent. 4

13. The process of making an impervious article, which comprises coating a web of fabric with a solution ofan impervious filmforming substance dissolved in a suitable solvent, drying the fabric to provide a film, making up the fabric into the article, coating the made up article with a solution essentially similar to the first named solution, and drying the article; one of said solutions comprising 25*to 75 parts of crude rubber, 10 to 50 parts of an accelerator, 0 to 2% parts of sulphur and 83 to 200 parts of solvent.

14. The process of making protective gloves which comprises applying a resistant film to one side only of a web of fabric, making up such web of fabric into gloves, immersing the so made gloves, with the coated side only exposed, in a solution of a resistant film-forming substance, and drying the gloves to produce a second film.

15. The process of making an impervious seamed article which comprises securing together themargins of suitably shaped fabric that has been .coatedwith an impervious film, applying a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the resulting article, and drying the article to produce a second film; one of said films comprising a drying oil and a softener therefor.

16. The process of making an impervious seamed article which comprises securing together the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been coated with an impervious film, applying a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the resulting article, and drying the article to produce a second film one of said films comprising a drying oil and-a vegetable softener therefor.

17. The process of making an impervious seamed article which comprises securing to gather the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been coated with an impervious film, applying a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the resulting article, and drying the article to produce a second film; one of said films comprising a drying oil and a softener oil therefor.

18. The process of making an impervious seamed article which comprises securing together the margins of suitably shaped fabric that has been coated with an impervious film, applying a coating solution of an impervious film-forming substance to the resulting article, and drying the article to produce a second film; one of said films comprising linseed oil and castor oil.

19. A multi-part article comprising a plurality of joined pieces of textile fabric coated, on the exterior surface of the article only, with a film impervious to, fluids and continuous over the surface proper and the joining lines, to be impervious to fluids over the entire exterior surface of the article, including the joining lines of said pieces.

20. A multi-pant article comprising a plunality of joined pieces of textile fabric coated, on the exterior surface of the article only, with a film impervious to fluids and continuous over the surface proper and the joining lines. and including a coating of linseed oil composition, to be impervious to fluids over the entire exterior surface of the article, including. the joining lines of said pieces.

21. A multi-part article comprising a plurali-ty of. joined pieces of textile fabric coated, on the exterior surface of the article only, with a film impervious to fluids and continuous over the surface proper and the joining lines, and including a, coating of rubber composition, to be impervious to fluids over the entireexterior surface of the article, including the joining linesof said pieces. I

22. A seamed textile fabric article of wearing apparel composed of textile fabric joined along certain of .its margins and coated, on the exterior surface of the article only, with a film impervious to fluids and continuous over the surface proper and the joined margins, to be impervious to fluids over the entire exterior surface of the article, including the joined margins.

23. A protective g ove made of cotton fabric having a soft, napped interior surface and having for its exterior surface a continuous film of fluid-impervious material extending over the seams of the glove as well as over the unseamed surface thereof. I

In testimon whereof I affix m signature.

- LINTON D. ABfiAI-IAM. 

